Acculturation,Discrimination and 24-h Activity in Asian American Immigrant Women

Asian American immigrant (AAI) women may have suboptimal 24-h activity patterns due to traditional gender role and caregiving responsibilities. However, little is known about their objectively-measured activity. We measured AAI women’s 24-h activity patterns using accelerometry and examined cultural correlates of time in sedentary behavior (SB), light intensity physical activity (LIPA), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sleep. Seventy-five AAI women completed surveys on acculturation (years of U.S. residency and English proficiency), discrimination, and sleep quality, and 7 days of wrist- and hip-accelerometer monitoring. Linear regression was conducted controlling for age, BMI, and education. We also compared activity patterns across Asian subgroups (East, Southeast, South Asians). On average, AAI women had 33 min of MVPA, 6.1 h of LIPA, 10 h of SB, and 5.3 h of sleep per day. South Asian women had the longest SB and the shortest sleep and MVPA hours. English proficiency was negatively related to MVPA (p?=?0.03) and LIPA (p?<?0.01). Years of U.S. residency was positively related to SB (p?=?0.07). Discrimination was related to shorter (p?=?0.03) and poorer quality sleep (p?=?0.06). Culturally-tailored programs targeting SB and sleep and integrating coping strategies against discrimination could help optimize AAI women’s 24-h activity patterns.

     

上海地区青少年精神障碍患者非自杀性自伤行为现状及影响因素研究

目的 调查上海市青少年精神障碍患者非自杀性自伤行为（NSSI）现状,并探讨其相关影响因素。方法 以上海市精神卫生中心于2019年6月至2021年12月收治的青少年精神障碍患者为研究对象,参照《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》评定研究对象过去2年内非自杀性自伤行为发生情况,并采用自制调查问卷收集调查对象基本情况,采用Barratt冲动量表（BIS-11）对冲动状况进行评估,采用青少年生活事件量表（ASLEC）评估应激性生活事件发生的频率和强度。采用描述性分析方法对青少年精神障碍患者非自杀性自伤行为发生情况进行分析,并采用单、多因素分析方法对非自杀性自伤行为发生的影响因素进行分析。结果 1 683例青少年精神障碍患者中657例出现NSSI,发生率为39.03%。其中男262例,女395例,年龄13~20岁,平均年龄（14.63±; 3.09）岁,病程1~4年,平均病程（2.87±; 1.21）年; 268例为偶发NSSI,389例反复出现NSSI。下臂及腕部、手是发生NSSI患者的主要自伤部位（分别为40.03%、33.03%）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示抑郁程度越严重（OR=2.255）、遭受校园暴力（OR=2.289）、母亲教育程度为大专及以上（OR=2.428）、抑郁障碍（OR=1.855）、双向障碍（OR=2.212）、冲动总分偏高（OR=1.401）、人际关系得分高（OR=1.398）和学习压力得分高（OR=2.098）等均是导致青少年精神障碍患者发生NSSI的危险因素。结论 NSSI在青少年精神障碍患者中的发生率较高,重度抑郁、遭受校园暴力、母亲教育程度高、抑郁障碍、双向障碍、冲动总分偏高、人际关系差和学习压力大等的患者更易出现NSSI,应提高具有以上特征患者的关注度,并及时制定相应的干预策略,尽可能避免NSSI的发生。     

老年糖尿病患者运动状况及血糖控制情况研究

目的 研究老年糖尿病患者运动状况及血糖控制情况。方法 以2020年1月至2021年12月商丘市某医院诊治的老年糖尿病患者为研究对象,自制调查问卷获取患者的基本资料（包括性别、年龄、文化程度、居住地、病程、糖尿病并发症和其他基础疾病）,采用老年糖尿病患者运动锻炼评估量表评估运动状况,采用血生化指标检测评估血糖控制达标情况,分析老年糖尿病患者运动状况、血糖控制达标情况及其影响因素。结果 共纳入有效研究对象1 173例,其中男645例（54.99%）,年龄60~84岁,以60~69岁为主（45.69%）,文化程度以初中及以下为主（51.66%）,居住地以农村为主（56.61%）,病程以<5年为主（65.47%）,无糖尿病并发症者占90.88%,无其他基础疾病者占79.71%。血糖控制达标389例,达标率33.16%。运动状况总分（114.39±; 20.53）分,血糖未达标患者的运动状况总分及运动知识、运动行为、专业支持维度评分均显著低于血糖达标患者（均P<0.01）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,病程（OR=0.689）、糖尿病并发症（OR=0.498）、其他基础疾病（OR=0.842）是老年糖尿病患者血糖达标的影响因素。结论 老年糖尿病患者运动状况有待改善,应针对不同情况的老年糖尿病患者进行个体干预,通过宣传教育提高运动知识认知及运动意愿,改善运动行为,增强运动锻炼的社会支持和专业支持,以促进血糖达标。     

新生儿隐球菌白化突变化分子机制的初步研究

目的：研究新生儿隐球菌白化突变分子机制,方法：采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）技术对新生隐球菌产黑素株与白化突变株进行比较研究,并进行PCR产物的克隆,构建重组表达质粒,转化大肠杆菌。结果：发现白化突变株酚氧化酶结构基因（CNLAC1）在1715－2617bp之间大片段缺失（约450bp),而产黑色素株却无此缺失片菌病的预后和基因治疗提供可能的靶基因。     

中西医结合治疗陈旧性外伤性前房积血的临床观察

目的：探讨中西医结合治疗陈旧性外伤性前房积血的疗效。方法：静滴20％甘露醇250ml,每日1次或2次,结膜下注射尿激酶3000U,隔日1次,服桃红四物汤加减,每日1次,7d为1疗程,一般治疗2个疗程,并与常规治疗组对照,结果：治疗组治愈率95．5％,总有效率100％,对照组为50％和80％。差异有显著性（P＜0．01）,结论：中西医结合治疗陈旧性外伤性前房积血较为有效。     

Optimal control problems with Atangana‐Baleanu fractional derivative

In this paper, we study fractional‐order optimal control problems (FOCPs) involving the Atangana‐Baleanu fractional derivative. A computational method based on B‐spline polynomials and their operational matrix of Atangana‐Baleanu fractional integration is proposed for the numerical solution of this class of problems. With this numerical technique, the FOCPs are reduced to a system of equations which are solved for the unknown parameters with the help of Mathematica® software. Our results show the applicability and usefulness of the numerical technique.     

Systemic inflammation response index predicts all-cause mortality in patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis

International Urology and Nephrology - A systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) has been recently introduced as a tool for the assessment of the prognosis of several critical medical...     

Long-term mortality of living kidney donors: a systematic review and meta-analysis

International Urology and Nephrology - To date, several studies have reported inconsistent findings regarding the mortality risk faced by living kidney donors and controls. Our study assessed the...     

Efficacy of testosterone replacement therapy for treating metabolic disturbances in late-onset hypogonadism: a systematic review and meta-analysis

International Urology and Nephrology - Late onset hypogonadism (LOH) is an age-dependent reduction of testosterone associated with alterations of metabolic profile, including glucose control,...     

Resective epilepsy surgery: assessment of randomized controlled trials

Neurosurgical Review - Epilepsy is the most common form of chronic neurologic disease. Here, we review the available randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined the efficacy of resective...